Has private or public housing performed better?
Have private homes beaten HDB flats, and is the gap between them a timing tool?
The private premium over HDB averaged 23.8% from 1990 Q1 to 2026 Q2.
4 charts4 freeOpen
Market data
Condos and apartments make up most of the private market. These topics compare them with HDB flats, split them by completion and tenure, and follow vacancy, rents, developer sales, subsales and foreign buyers.
FreeLine chart
Private residential price index (PPI) and HDB resale price index (RPI), 1Q2009 = 100, quarterly, 1990 Q1 to 2026 Q2
The gap between the two lines shows cumulative growth. It is not the price difference between a flat and a condo.
Source: URA private residential price index and HDB resale price index via SingStat. HDB RPI: SingStat table M212161. Both indices changed method (HDB 4Q2014, URA 1Q2015).. Data to 2026 Q2.
Licence: green class (Singapore Open Data Licence).
| Period | HDB RPI | Private PPI |
|---|---|---|
| 1990-Q1 | 24 | 41 |
| 1990-Q2 | 24 | 42 |
| 1990-Q3 | 25 | 42 |
| 1990-Q4 | 25 | 40 |
| 1991-Q1 | 25 | 42 |
| 1991-Q2 | 26 | 46 |
| 1991-Q3 | 25 | 47 |
| 1991-Q4 | 25 | 48 |
| 1992-Q1 | 26 | 50 |
| 1992-Q2 | 27 | 52 |
| 1992-Q3 | 28 | 54 |
| 1992-Q4 | 29 | 55 |
| 1993-Q1 | 30 | 58 |
| 1993-Q2 | 40 | 65 |
| 1993-Q3 | 48 | 71 |
| 1993-Q4 | 49 | 75 |
| 1994-Q1 | 50 | 82 |
| 1994-Q2 | 52 | 94 |
| 1994-Q3 | 55 | 105 |
| 1994-Q4 | 55 | 107 |
| 1995-Q1 | 57 | 110 |
| 1995-Q2 | 64 | 111 |
| 1995-Q3 | 68 | 113 |
| 1995-Q4 | 74 | 118 |
| 1996-Q1 | 81 | 122 |
| 1996-Q2 | 91 | 130 |
| 1996-Q3 | 96 | 127 |
| 1996-Q4 | 99 | 124 |
| 1997-Q1 | 99 | 119 |
| 1997-Q2 | 98 | 118 |
| 1997-Q3 | 94 | 113 |
| 1997-Q4 | 88 | 108 |
| 1998-Q1 | 82 | 98 |
| 1998-Q2 | 78 | 90 |
| 1998-Q3 | 75 | 78 |
| 1998-Q4 | 72 | 72 |
| 1999-Q1 | 71 | 75 |
| 1999-Q2 | 72 | 84 |
| 1999-Q3 | 78 | 91 |
| 1999-Q4 | 80 | 96 |
| 2000-Q1 | 80 | 99 |
| 2000-Q2 | 79 | 100 |
| 2000-Q3 | 78 | 98 |
| 2000-Q4 | 76 | 95 |
| 2001-Q1 | 73 | 91 |
| 2001-Q2 | 72 | 90 |
| 2001-Q3 | 71 | 88 |
| 2001-Q4 | 70 | 84 |
| 2002-Q1 | 69 | 83 |
| 2002-Q2 | 69 | 82 |
| 2002-Q3 | 70 | 83 |
| 2002-Q4 | 70 | 82 |
| 2003-Q1 | 71 | 82 |
| 2003-Q2 | 73 | 81 |
| 2003-Q3 | 74 | 81 |
| 2003-Q4 | 75 | 81 |
| 2004-Q1 | 75 | 80 |
| 2004-Q2 | 76 | 80 |
| 2004-Q3 | 76 | 81 |
| 2004-Q4 | 77 | 81 |
| 2005-Q1 | 77 | 82 |
| 2005-Q2 | 74 | 82 |
| 2005-Q3 | 73 | 83 |
| 2005-Q4 | 74 | 85 |
| 2006-Q1 | 74 | 86 |
| 2006-Q2 | 74 | 87 |
| 2006-Q3 | 74 | 90 |
| 2006-Q4 | 75 | 93 |
| 2007-Q1 | 76 | 98 |
| 2007-Q2 | 78 | 106 |
| 2007-Q3 | 83 | 114 |
| 2007-Q4 | 88 | 122 |
| 2008-Q1 | 91 | 127 |
| 2008-Q2 | 95 | 127 |
| 2008-Q3 | 99 | 124 |
| 2008-Q4 | 101 | 116 |
| 2009-Q1 | 100 | 100 |
| 2009-Q2 | 101 | 95 |
| 2009-Q3 | 105 | 110 |
| 2009-Q4 | 109 | 118 |
| 2010-Q1 | 112 | 125 |
| 2010-Q2 | 117 | 132 |
| 2010-Q3 | 121 | 136 |
| 2010-Q4 | 124 | 139 |
| 2011-Q1 | 126 | 142 |
| 2011-Q2 | 130 | 145 |
| 2011-Q3 | 135 | 147 |
| 2011-Q4 | 138 | 147 |
| 2012-Q1 | 139 | 147 |
| 2012-Q2 | 140 | 148 |
| 2012-Q3 | 143 | 149 |
| 2012-Q4 | 147 | 152 |
| 2013-Q1 | 149 | 152 |
| 2013-Q2 | 149 | 154 |
| 2013-Q3 | 148 | 155 |
| 2013-Q4 | 146 | 153 |
| 2014-Q1 | 144 | 151 |
| 2014-Q2 | 142 | 150 |
| 2014-Q3 | 139 | 149 |
| 2014-Q4 | 137 | 147 |
| 2015-Q1 | 136 | 146 |
| 2015-Q2 | 135 | 144 |
| 2015-Q3 | 135 | 142 |
| 2015-Q4 | 135 | 142 |
| 2016-Q1 | 135 | 141 |
| 2016-Q2 | 135 | 140 |
| 2016-Q3 | 135 | 138 |
| 2016-Q4 | 135 | 137 |
| 2017-Q1 | 134 | 137 |
| 2017-Q2 | 134 | 137 |
| 2017-Q3 | 133 | 138 |
| 2017-Q4 | 133 | 139 |
| 2018-Q1 | 132 | 144 |
| 2018-Q2 | 132 | 149 |
| 2018-Q3 | 132 | 150 |
| 2018-Q4 | 131 | 150 |
| 2019-Q1 | 131 | 149 |
| 2019-Q2 | 131 | 151 |
| 2019-Q3 | 131 | 153 |
| 2019-Q4 | 132 | 154 |
| 2020-Q1 | 132 | 152 |
| 2020-Q2 | 132 | 153 |
| 2020-Q3 | 134 | 154 |
| 2020-Q4 | 138 | 157 |
| 2021-Q1 | 142 | 162 |
| 2021-Q2 | 146 | 164 |
| 2021-Q3 | 151 | 165 |
| 2021-Q4 | 156 | 174 |
| 2022-Q1 | 160 | 175 |
| 2022-Q2 | 164 | 181 |
| 2022-Q3 | 168 | 188 |
| 2022-Q4 | 172 | 189 |
| 2023-Q1 | 174 | 195 |
| 2023-Q2 | 176 | 194 |
| 2023-Q3 | 179 | 196 |
| 2023-Q4 | 180 | 202 |
| 2024-Q1 | 184 | 204 |
| 2024-Q2 | 188 | 206 |
| 2024-Q3 | 193 | 205 |
| 2024-Q4 | 198 | 209 |
| 2025-Q1 | 201 | 211 |
| 2025-Q2 | 203 | 213 |
| 2025-Q3 | 204 | 215 |
| 2025-Q4 | 204 | 216 |
| 2026-Q1 | 203 | 218 |
| 2026-Q2 | 203 | 219 |
Topics
Each topic asks one question and answers it with charts. Open one to read the key points and see every chart.
Have private homes beaten HDB flats, and is the gap between them a timing tool?
The private premium over HDB averaged 23.8% from 1990 Q1 to 2026 Q2.
4 charts4 freeOpen
Are completed condos cheaper than uncompleted ones, and how big is the new-sale premium?
Completed condos traded below uncompleted ones in 32 of the 58 quarters from 1998 Q4 to 2013 Q1, by 2.6% on average.
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Is freehold always the better investment, and how large is the freehold premium?
Freehold resale medians stood 30.7% above leasehold on average from 1995 Q1 to 2012 Q1, and 13.9% above from 2021 Q4 to 2026 Q3.
5 charts1 free4 member chartsOpen
How does vacancy move with rents, and what does that mean for yield?
Non-landed vacancy averaged 7.6% from 1988 Q1 to 2026 Q2. The record high was 11.7% (1998 Q3) and the record low 5.0% (2010 Q1).
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How quickly do developers sell the homes they launch, and how much unsold stock is there?
Quarterly launches and sales both peaked in 2012 Q1, at 6,903 and 6,458 homes.
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What does the share of subsales say about speculation, and did stamp duty change it?
The sub-sale share of private home sales averaged 5.1% from 1999 Q4 to 2026 Q2.
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How big is the foreign share of buyers, and did the ABSD cut it?
Singaporeans were always the largest buyer group, from 63.4% (2007 Q4) to 94.2% (1998 Q2).
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Charts
One chart from each of the first topics. The title of each chart says what it found.
Has private or public housing performed better?
Key figuresFree
Should you buy completed or uncompleted condos?
FlowchartFree
Should you buy freehold or leasehold condos?
FlowchartFree
Vacancy and rentals
Key figuresFree